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# sqlglot.dialects.snowflake

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       1from __future__ import annotations
       2
       3import typing as t
       4
       5from sqlglot import exp, generator, jsonpath, parser, tokens, transforms
       6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
       7    Dialect,
       8    NormalizationStrategy,
       9    build_timetostr_or_tochar,
      10    binary_from_function,
      11    build_default_decimal_type,
      12    build_timestamp_from_parts,
      13    date_delta_sql,
      14    date_trunc_to_time,
      15    datestrtodate_sql,
      16    build_formatted_time,
      17    if_sql,
      18    inline_array_sql,
      19    max_or_greatest,
      20    min_or_least,
      21    rename_func,
      22    timestamptrunc_sql,
      23    timestrtotime_sql,
      24    var_map_sql,
      25    map_date_part,
      26    no_timestamp_sql,
      27    strposition_sql,
      28    timestampdiff_sql,
      29    no_make_interval_sql,
      30    groupconcat_sql,
      31)
      32from sqlglot.generator import unsupported_args
      33from sqlglot.helper import flatten, is_float, is_int, seq_get
      34from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
      35
      36if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
      37    from sqlglot._typing import E, B
      38
      39
      40# from https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/to_timestamp.html
      41def _build_datetime(
      42    name: str, kind: exp.DataType.Type, safe: bool = False
      43) -> t.Callable[[t.List], exp.Func]:
      44    def _builder(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
      45        value = seq_get(args, 0)
      46        scale_or_fmt = seq_get(args, 1)
      47
      48        int_value = value is not None and is_int(value.name)
      49        int_scale_or_fmt = scale_or_fmt is not None and scale_or_fmt.is_int
      50
      51        if isinstance(value, exp.Literal) or (value and scale_or_fmt):
      52            # Converts calls like `TO_TIME('01:02:03')` into casts
      53            if len(args) == 1 and value.is_string and not int_value:
      54                return (
      55                    exp.TryCast(this=value, to=exp.DataType.build(kind))
      56                    if safe
      57                    else exp.cast(value, kind)
      58                )
      59
      60            # Handles `TO_TIMESTAMP(str, fmt)` and `TO_TIMESTAMP(num, scale)` as special
      61            # cases so we can transpile them, since they're relatively common
      62            if kind == exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP:
      63                if not safe and (int_value or int_scale_or_fmt):
      64                    # TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP('integer') is not parsed into exp.UnixToTime as
      65                    # it's not easily transpilable
      66                    return exp.UnixToTime(this=value, scale=scale_or_fmt)
      67                if not int_scale_or_fmt and not is_float(value.name):
      68                    expr = build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "snowflake")(args)
      69                    expr.set("safe", safe)
      70                    return expr
      71
      72        if kind in (exp.DataType.Type.DATE, exp.DataType.Type.TIME) and not int_value:
      73            klass = exp.TsOrDsToDate if kind == exp.DataType.Type.DATE else exp.TsOrDsToTime
      74            formatted_exp = build_formatted_time(klass, "snowflake")(args)
      75            formatted_exp.set("safe", safe)
      76            return formatted_exp
      77
      78        return exp.Anonymous(this=name, expressions=args)
      79
      80    return _builder
      81
      82
      83def _build_object_construct(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.StarMap, exp.Struct]:
      84    expression = parser.build_var_map(args)
      85
      86    if isinstance(expression, exp.StarMap):
      87        return expression
      88
      89    return exp.Struct(
      90        expressions=[
      91            exp.PropertyEQ(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(expression.keys, expression.values)
      92        ]
      93    )
      94
      95
      96def _build_datediff(args: t.List) -> exp.DateDiff:
      97    return exp.DateDiff(
      98        this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0))
      99    )
     100
     101
     102def _build_date_time_add(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
     103    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
     104        return expr_type(
     105            this=seq_get(args, 2),
     106            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     107            unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0)),
     108        )
     109
     110    return _builder
     111
     112
     113def _build_bitwise(expr_type: t.Type[B], name: str) -> t.Callable[[t.List], B | exp.Anonymous]:
     114    def _builder(args: t.List) -> B | exp.Anonymous:
     115        if len(args) == 3:
     116            return exp.Anonymous(this=name, expressions=args)
     117
     118        return binary_from_function(expr_type)(args)
     119
     120    return _builder
     121
     122
     123# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/div0
     124def _build_if_from_div0(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     125    lhs = exp._wrap(seq_get(args, 0), exp.Binary)
     126    rhs = exp._wrap(seq_get(args, 1), exp.Binary)
     127
     128    cond = exp.EQ(this=rhs, expression=exp.Literal.number(0)).and_(
     129        exp.Is(this=lhs, expression=exp.null()).not_()
     130    )
     131    true = exp.Literal.number(0)
     132    false = exp.Div(this=lhs, expression=rhs)
     133    return exp.If(this=cond, true=true, false=false)
     134
     135
     136# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     137def _build_if_from_zeroifnull(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     138    cond = exp.Is(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Null())
     139    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Literal.number(0), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     140
     141
     142# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     143def _build_if_from_nullifzero(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     144    cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
     145    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Null(), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     146
     147
     148def _regexpilike_sql(self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.RegexpILike) -> str:
     149    flag = expression.text("flag")
     150
     151    if "i" not in flag:
     152        flag += "i"
     153
     154    return self.func(
     155        "REGEXP_LIKE", expression.this, expression.expression, exp.Literal.string(flag)
     156    )
     157
     158
     159def _build_regexp_replace(args: t.List) -> exp.RegexpReplace:
     160    regexp_replace = exp.RegexpReplace.from_arg_list(args)
     161
     162    if not regexp_replace.args.get("replacement"):
     163        regexp_replace.set("replacement", exp.Literal.string(""))
     164
     165    return regexp_replace
     166
     167
     168def _show_parser(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[Snowflake.Parser], exp.Show]:
     169    def _parse(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> exp.Show:
     170        return self._parse_show_snowflake(*args, **kwargs)
     171
     172    return _parse
     173
     174
     175def _date_trunc_to_time(args: t.List) -> exp.DateTrunc | exp.TimestampTrunc:
     176    trunc = date_trunc_to_time(args)
     177    trunc.set("unit", map_date_part(trunc.args["unit"]))
     178    return trunc
     179
     180
     181def _unqualify_pivot_columns(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     182    """
     183    Snowflake doesn't allow columns referenced in UNPIVOT to be qualified,
     184    so we need to unqualify them. Same goes for ANY ORDER BY <column>.
     185
     186    Example:
     187        >>> from sqlglot import parse_one
     188        >>> expr = parse_one("SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (m_sales.jan, feb, mar, april))")
     189        >>> print(_unqualify_pivot_columns(expr).sql(dialect="snowflake"))
     190        SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (jan, feb, mar, april))
     191    """
     192    if isinstance(expression, exp.Pivot):
     193        if expression.unpivot:
     194            expression = transforms.unqualify_columns(expression)
     195        else:
     196            field = expression.args.get("field")
     197            field_expr = seq_get(field.expressions if field else [], 0)
     198
     199            if isinstance(field_expr, exp.PivotAny):
     200                unqualified_field_expr = transforms.unqualify_columns(field_expr)
     201                t.cast(exp.Expression, field).set("expressions", unqualified_field_expr, 0)
     202
     203    return expression
     204
     205
     206def _flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     207    assert isinstance(expression, exp.Create)
     208
     209    def _flatten_structured_type(expression: exp.DataType) -> exp.DataType:
     210        if expression.this in exp.DataType.NESTED_TYPES:
     211            expression.set("expressions", None)
     212        return expression
     213
     214    props = expression.args.get("properties")
     215    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Schema) and not (props and props.find(exp.IcebergProperty)):
     216        for schema_expression in expression.this.expressions:
     217            if isinstance(schema_expression, exp.ColumnDef):
     218                column_type = schema_expression.kind
     219                if isinstance(column_type, exp.DataType):
     220                    column_type.transform(_flatten_structured_type, copy=False)
     221
     222    return expression
     223
     224
     225def _unnest_generate_date_array(unnest: exp.Unnest) -> None:
     226    generate_date_array = unnest.expressions[0]
     227    start = generate_date_array.args.get("start")
     228    end = generate_date_array.args.get("end")
     229    step = generate_date_array.args.get("step")
     230
     231    if not start or not end or not isinstance(step, exp.Interval) or step.name != "1":
     232        return
     233
     234    unit = step.args.get("unit")
     235
     236    unnest_alias = unnest.args.get("alias")
     237    if unnest_alias:
     238        unnest_alias = unnest_alias.copy()
     239        sequence_value_name = seq_get(unnest_alias.columns, 0) or "value"
     240    else:
     241        sequence_value_name = "value"
     242
     243    # We'll add the next sequence value to the starting date and project the result
     244    date_add = _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd)(
     245        [unit, exp.cast(sequence_value_name, "int"), exp.cast(start, "date")]
     246    ).as_(sequence_value_name)
     247
     248    # We use DATEDIFF to compute the number of sequence values needed
     249    number_sequence = Snowflake.Parser.FUNCTIONS["ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE"](
     250        [exp.Literal.number(0), _build_datediff([unit, start, end]) + 1]
     251    )
     252
     253    unnest.set("expressions", [number_sequence])
     254    unnest.replace(exp.select(date_add).from_(unnest.copy()).subquery(unnest_alias))
     255
     256
     257def _transform_generate_date_array(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     258    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select):
     259        for generate_date_array in expression.find_all(exp.GenerateDateArray):
     260            parent = generate_date_array.parent
     261
     262            # If GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY is used directly as an array (e.g passed into ARRAY_LENGTH), the transformed Snowflake
     263            # query is the following (it'll be unnested properly on the next iteration due to copy):
     264            # SELECT ref(GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY(...)) -> SELECT ref((SELECT ARRAY_AGG(*) FROM UNNEST(GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY(...))))
     265            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Unnest):
     266                unnest = exp.Unnest(expressions=[generate_date_array.copy()])
     267                generate_date_array.replace(
     268                    exp.select(exp.ArrayAgg(this=exp.Star())).from_(unnest).subquery()
     269                )
     270
     271            if (
     272                isinstance(parent, exp.Unnest)
     273                and isinstance(parent.parent, (exp.From, exp.Join))
     274                and len(parent.expressions) == 1
     275            ):
     276                _unnest_generate_date_array(parent)
     277
     278    return expression
     279
     280
     281def _build_regexp_extract(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
     282    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
     283        return expr_type(
     284            this=seq_get(args, 0),
     285            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     286            position=seq_get(args, 2),
     287            occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
     288            parameters=seq_get(args, 4),
     289            group=seq_get(args, 5) or exp.Literal.number(0),
     290        )
     291
     292    return _builder
     293
     294
     295def _regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract | exp.RegexpExtractAll) -> str:
     296    # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
     297    # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
     298    group = expression.args.get("group")
     299
     300    # To avoid generating all these default values, we set group to None if
     301    # it's 0 (also default value) which doesn't trigger the following chain
     302    if group and group.name == "0":
     303        group = None
     304
     305    parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
     306    occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
     307    position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
     308
     309    return self.func(
     310        "REGEXP_SUBSTR" if isinstance(expression, exp.RegexpExtract) else "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL",
     311        expression.this,
     312        expression.expression,
     313        position,
     314        occurrence,
     315        parameters,
     316        group,
     317    )
     318
     319
     320def _json_extract_value_array_sql(
     321    self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.JSONValueArray | exp.JSONExtractArray
     322) -> str:
     323    json_extract = exp.JSONExtract(this=expression.this, expression=expression.expression)
     324    ident = exp.to_identifier("x")
     325
     326    if isinstance(expression, exp.JSONValueArray):
     327        this: exp.Expression = exp.cast(ident, to=exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR)
     328    else:
     329        this = exp.ParseJSON(this=f"TO_JSON({ident})")
     330
     331    transform_lambda = exp.Lambda(expressions=[ident], this=this)
     332
     333    return self.func("TRANSFORM", json_extract, transform_lambda)
     334
     335
     336class Snowflake(Dialect):
     337    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     338    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     339    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     340    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     341    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     342    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     343    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     344    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     345    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     346    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
     347
     348    TIME_MAPPING = {
     349        "YYYY": "%Y",
     350        "yyyy": "%Y",
     351        "YY": "%y",
     352        "yy": "%y",
     353        "MMMM": "%B",
     354        "mmmm": "%B",
     355        "MON": "%b",
     356        "mon": "%b",
     357        "MM": "%m",
     358        "mm": "%m",
     359        "DD": "%d",
     360        "dd": "%-d",
     361        "DY": "%a",
     362        "dy": "%w",
     363        "HH24": "%H",
     364        "hh24": "%H",
     365        "HH12": "%I",
     366        "hh12": "%I",
     367        "MI": "%M",
     368        "mi": "%M",
     369        "SS": "%S",
     370        "ss": "%S",
     371        "FF6": "%f",
     372        "ff6": "%f",
     373    }
     374
     375    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     376        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     377        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     378        if (
     379            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     380            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     381            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     382        ):
     383            return expression  # type: ignore
     384
     385        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     386
     387    class JSONPathTokenizer(jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer):
     388        SINGLE_TOKENS = jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS.copy()
     389        SINGLE_TOKENS.pop("$")
     390
     391    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     392        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     393        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     394        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
     395
     396        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     397            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     398            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     399        }
     400
     401        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     402        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     403
     404        FUNCTIONS = {
     405            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     406            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     407            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
     408            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     409                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     410            ),
     411            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     412                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     413                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     414                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     415                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     416            ),
     417            "BITXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     418            "BIT_XOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     419            "BITOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     420            "BIT_OR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     421            "BITSHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BITSHIFTLEFT"),
     422            "BIT_SHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BIT_SHIFTLEFT"),
     423            "BITSHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
     424            "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT"),
     425            "BOOLXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.Xor, "BOOLXOR"),
     426            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     427            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     428            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     429            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     430            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     431            "EDITDISTANCE": lambda args: exp.Levenshtein(
     432                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), max_dist=seq_get(args, 2)
     433            ),
     434            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     435            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     436                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     437            ),
     438            "HEX_DECODE_BINARY": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
     439            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     440            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     441                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     442            ),
     443            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     444            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     445            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     446            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     447            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     448            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     449            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     450            "REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     451            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     452            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     453            "TABLE": lambda args: exp.TableFromRows(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
     454            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     455            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     456            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     457            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     458            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     459            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     460            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     461            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     462            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
     463            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     464            "TRY_TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME, safe=True),
     465            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
     466                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
     467            ),
     468            "TO_CHAR": build_timetostr_or_tochar,
     469            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     470            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     471                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     472                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     473                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     474                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     475            ),
     476            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     477            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     478            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     479            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     480            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     481            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     482            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     483        }
     484
     485        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     486            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     487            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     488            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     489            "LISTAGG": lambda self: self._parse_string_agg(),
     490        }
     491        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     492
     493        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     494
     495        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     496            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     497            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     498            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     499        }
     500
     501        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     502            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     503            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     504                exp.Set,
     505                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     506                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     507                unset=True,
     508            ),
     509        }
     510
     511        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     512            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     513            TokenType.PUT: lambda self: self._parse_put(),
     514            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     515        }
     516
     517        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     518            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     519            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     520            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_tag(),
     521        }
     522
     523        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
     524            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     525            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     526        }
     527
     528        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     529            "DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     530            "TERSE DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     531            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     532            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     533            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     534            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     535            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     536            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     537            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     538            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     539            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     540            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     541            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     542            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     543            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     544            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     545            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     546            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     547            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     548            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     549            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     550            "FUNCTIONS": _show_parser("FUNCTIONS"),
     551            "PROCEDURES": _show_parser("PROCEDURES"),
     552            "WAREHOUSES": _show_parser("WAREHOUSES"),
     553        }
     554
     555        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     556            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     557            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     558            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     559            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     560            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     561        }
     562
     563        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     564            TokenType.DOT,
     565            TokenType.MOD,
     566            TokenType.SLASH,
     567        }
     568
     569        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     570
     571        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     572
     573        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     574
     575        LAMBDAS = {
     576            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     577            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     578                exp.Lambda,
     579                this=self._replace_lambda(
     580                    self._parse_assignment(),
     581                    expressions,
     582                ),
     583                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     584            ),
     585        }
     586
     587        def _parse_use(self) -> exp.Use:
     588            if self._match_text_seq("SECONDARY", "ROLES"):
     589                this = self._match_texts(("ALL", "NONE")) and exp.var(self._prev.text.upper())
     590                roles = None if this else self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_table(schema=False))
     591                return self.expression(
     592                    exp.Use, kind="SECONDARY ROLES", this=this, expressions=roles
     593                )
     594
     595            return super()._parse_use()
     596
     597        def _negate_range(
     598            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     599        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     600            if not this:
     601                return this
     602
     603            query = this.args.get("query")
     604            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
     605                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
     606                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
     607                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
     608                #
     609                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
     610                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
     611                return self.expression(
     612                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
     613                )
     614
     615            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
     616
     617        def _parse_tag(self) -> exp.Tags:
     618            return self.expression(
     619                exp.Tags,
     620                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     621            )
     622
     623        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     624            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     625                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     626
     627            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     628                policy = self._parse_column()
     629                return self.expression(
     630                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     631                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     632                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     633                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     634                )
     635            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     636                policy = self._parse_column()
     637                return self.expression(
     638                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
     639                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     640                )
     641            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     642                return self._parse_tag()
     643
     644            return None
     645
     646        def _parse_with_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression] | t.List[exp.Expression]:
     647            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     648                return self._parse_tag()
     649
     650            return super()._parse_with_property()
     651
     652        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     653            expression = super()._parse_create()
     654            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     655                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     656                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     657
     658            return expression
     659
     660        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     661        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     662        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     663            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     664
     665            if not this:
     666                return None
     667
     668            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     669            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     670            this = map_date_part(this)
     671            name = this.name.upper()
     672
     673            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     674                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     675                    scale = 10**3
     676                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     677                    scale = 10**6
     678                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     679                    scale = 10**9
     680                else:
     681                    scale = None
     682
     683                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     684                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     685
     686                if scale:
     687                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     688
     689                return to_unix
     690
     691            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     692
     693        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     694            if is_map:
     695                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     696                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     697                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     698                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     699
     700            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
     701
     702        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     703            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     704            if not lateral:
     705                return lateral
     706
     707            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     708                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     709                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     710                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     711                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     712                elif not table_alias:
     713                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     714
     715            return lateral
     716
     717        def _parse_table_parts(
     718            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     719        ) -> exp.Table:
     720            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     721            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     722                table = self._parse_string()
     723            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     724                table = self._parse_location_path()
     725            else:
     726                table = None
     727
     728            if table:
     729                file_format = None
     730                pattern = None
     731
     732                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     733                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     734                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     735                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     736                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     737                        )
     738                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     739                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     740                    else:
     741                        break
     742
     743                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     744
     745                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     746            else:
     747                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     748
     749            return table
     750
     751        def _parse_table(
     752            self,
     753            schema: bool = False,
     754            joins: bool = False,
     755            alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     756            parse_bracket: bool = False,
     757            is_db_reference: bool = False,
     758            parse_partition: bool = False,
     759        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     760            table = super()._parse_table(
     761                schema=schema,
     762                joins=joins,
     763                alias_tokens=alias_tokens,
     764                parse_bracket=parse_bracket,
     765                is_db_reference=is_db_reference,
     766                parse_partition=parse_partition,
     767            )
     768            if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and isinstance(table.this, exp.TableFromRows):
     769                table_from_rows = table.this
     770                for arg in exp.TableFromRows.arg_types:
     771                    if arg != "this":
     772                        table_from_rows.set(arg, table.args.get(arg))
     773
     774                table = table_from_rows
     775
     776            return table
     777
     778        def _parse_id_var(
     779            self,
     780            any_token: bool = True,
     781            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     782        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     783            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     784                identifier = (
     785                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     786                    or self._parse_string()
     787                )
     788                self._match_r_paren()
     789                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     790
     791            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     792
     793        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     794            scope = None
     795            scope_kind = None
     796
     797            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     798            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     799            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     800
     801            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     802
     803            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     804
     805            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     806                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     807                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     808                elif self._match_text_seq("CLASS"):
     809                    scope_kind = "CLASS"
     810                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     811                elif self._match_text_seq("APPLICATION"):
     812                    scope_kind = "APPLICATION"
     813                    if self._match_text_seq("PACKAGE"):
     814                        scope_kind += " PACKAGE"
     815                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     816                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     817                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     818                    if self._curr:
     819                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     820                elif self._curr:
     821                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     822                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     823
     824            return self.expression(
     825                exp.Show,
     826                **{
     827                    "terse": terse,
     828                    "this": this,
     829                    "history": history,
     830                    "like": like,
     831                    "scope": scope,
     832                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     833                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     834                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     835                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     836                    "privileges": self._match_text_seq("WITH", "PRIVILEGES")
     837                    and self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_var(any_token=True, upper=True)),
     838                },
     839            )
     840
     841        def _parse_put(self) -> exp.Put | exp.Command:
     842            if self._curr.token_type != TokenType.STRING:
     843                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     844
     845            return self.expression(
     846                exp.Put,
     847                this=self._parse_string(),
     848                target=self._parse_location_path(),
     849                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     850            )
     851
     852        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     853            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     854            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     855
     856        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     857            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     858            return (
     859                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
     860                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     861                else self._parse_table_parts()
     862            )
     863
     864        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     865            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
     866
     867            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     868            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     869            # in case of subqueries
     870            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     871                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     872            ):
     873                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
     874
     875            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
     876
     877        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     878            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     879
     880            if not this:
     881                return this
     882
     883            typ = self._parse_types()
     884
     885            if typ:
     886                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     887
     888            return this
     889
     890        def _parse_foreign_key(self) -> exp.ForeignKey:
     891            # inlineFK, the REFERENCES columns are implied
     892            if self._match(TokenType.REFERENCES, advance=False):
     893                return self.expression(exp.ForeignKey)
     894
     895            # outoflineFK, explicitly names the columns
     896            return super()._parse_foreign_key()
     897
     898    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     899        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     900        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     901        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     902        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     903        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
     904
     905        KEYWORDS = {
     906            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     907            "FILE://": TokenType.URI_START,
     908            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     909            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     910            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     911            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     912            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     913            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     914            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     915            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     916            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     917            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     918            "PUT": TokenType.PUT,
     919            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     920            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     921            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     922            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     923            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     924            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     925            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     926            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     927            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     928            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     929            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     930        }
     931        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     932
     933        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     934            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     935            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     936        }
     937
     938        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     939
     940        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     941
     942    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     943        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     944        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     945        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     946        JOIN_HINTS = False
     947        TABLE_HINTS = False
     948        QUERY_HINTS = False
     949        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     950        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     951        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     952        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     953        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     954        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
     955        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
     956        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
     957        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     958        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
     959        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
     960        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
     961        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
     962        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     963        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
     964        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "ARRAY_SIZE"
     965
     966        TRANSFORMS = {
     967            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     968            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     969            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
     970            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
     971            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
     972            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
     973            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
     974            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     975                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
     976            ),
     977            exp.BitwiseOr: rename_func("BITOR"),
     978            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
     979            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTLEFT"),
     980            exp.BitwiseRightShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
     981            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
     982            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     983            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     984            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
     985            exp.DatetimeDiff: timestampdiff_sql,
     986            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     987            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
     988            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
     989            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
     990            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
     991            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
     992            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     993                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
     994            ),
     995            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
     996                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
     997            ),
     998            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(self, e, sep=""),
     999            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
    1000            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1001            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1002                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
    1003            ),
    1004            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
    1005            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
    1006            exp.JSONValueArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1007            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
    1008            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
    1009            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1010            exp.MakeInterval: no_make_interval_sql,
    1011            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    1012            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    1013            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1014                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
    1015            ),
    1016            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1017            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
    1018                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1019            ),
    1020            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
    1021                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1022            ),
    1023            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_pivot_columns]),
    1024            exp.RegexpExtract: _regexpextract_sql,
    1025            exp.RegexpExtractAll: _regexpextract_sql,
    1026            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
    1027            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
    1028            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    1029                [
    1030                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    1031                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
    1032                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1033                    _transform_generate_date_array,
    1034                ]
    1035            ),
    1036            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1037            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1038            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
    1039            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    1040                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
    1041            ),
    1042            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    1043            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
    1044            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
    1045            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    1046            exp.TimestampAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1047            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1048                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
    1049            ),
    1050            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    1051            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1052            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    1053            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
    1054            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
    1055            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
    1056            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1057            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1058            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1059                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1060            ),
    1061            exp.TsOrDsToTime: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1062                "TRY_TO_TIME" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_TIME", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1063            ),
    1064            exp.Unhex: rename_func("HEX_DECODE_BINARY"),
    1065            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
    1066            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
    1067            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1068            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    1069            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
    1070            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")(
    1071                rename_func("EDITDISTANCE")
    1072            ),
    1073        }
    1074
    1075        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1076            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1077            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1078            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1079        }
    1080
    1081        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1082            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1083            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
    1084            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
    1085        }
    1086
    1087        TOKEN_MAPPING = {
    1088            TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: "AUTOINCREMENT",
    1089        }
    1090
    1091        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1092            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1093            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1094            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1095        }
    1096
    1097        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
    1098            exp.Map,
    1099            exp.StarMap,
    1100            exp.Struct,
    1101            exp.VarMap,
    1102        }
    1103
    1104        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1105            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
    1106
    1107        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1108            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1109                values_as_table = False
    1110
    1111            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
    1112
    1113        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1114            expressions = expression.expressions
    1115            if (
    1116                expressions
    1117                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1118                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1119            ):
    1120                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1121                return "OBJECT"
    1122
    1123            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    1124
    1125        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1126            return self.func(
    1127                "TO_NUMBER",
    1128                expression.this,
    1129                expression.args.get("format"),
    1130                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1131                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1132            )
    1133
    1134        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1135            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1136            if milli is not None:
    1137                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1138                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1139
    1140            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
    1141
    1142        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1143            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1144                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1145            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1146                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1147
    1148            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
    1149
    1150        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1151            value = expression.this
    1152
    1153            if value.type is None:
    1154                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1155
    1156                value = annotate_types(value)
    1157
    1158            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1159                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1160
    1161            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1162            return self.cast_sql(expression)
    1163
    1164        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1165            if not expression.expression:
    1166                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1167
    1168            return super().log_sql(expression)
    1169
    1170        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1171            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1172            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1173
    1174            columns = [
    1175                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1176                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1177                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1178                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1179                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
    1180                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
    1181                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1182            ]
    1183
    1184            if unnest_alias:
    1185                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1186            else:
    1187                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1188
    1189            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1190            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1191                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1192
    1193            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1194            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1195            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1196            return f"{explode}{alias}"
    1197
    1198        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1199            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1200            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1201            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1202            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1203
    1204            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1205            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1206
    1207            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1208            if scope_kind:
    1209                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1210
    1211            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1212            if starts_with:
    1213                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1214
    1215            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1216
    1217            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1218            if from_:
    1219                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1220
    1221            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1222            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1223
    1224            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"
    1225
    1226        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1227            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1228            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1229            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1230            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1231            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1232            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1233            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1234
    1235        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1236            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1237        ) -> str:
    1238            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1239            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1240            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1241            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1242            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1243
    1244        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1245            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1246
    1247        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1248            keys = []
    1249            values = []
    1250
    1251            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1252                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1253                    keys.append(
    1254                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1255                    )
    1256                    values.append(e.expression)
    1257                else:
    1258                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1259                    values.append(e)
    1260
    1261            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1262
    1263        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1264        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1265            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1266
    1267        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1268            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1269            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1270            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1271            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1272            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1273            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1274            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1275            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1276
    1277            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1278
    1279        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1280            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1281            return self.func(
    1282                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1283            )
    1284
    1285        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1286            return self.sql(
    1287                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1288                    this=expression.this,
    1289                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1290                    unit=expression.unit,
    1291                )
    1292            )
    1293
    1294        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1295            this = expression.this
    1296
    1297            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1298            return self.func(
    1299                "GET_PATH",
    1300                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1301                expression.expression,
    1302            )
    1303
    1304        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1305            this = expression.this
    1306            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1307                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1308
    1309            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))
    1310
    1311        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1312            value = expression.expression
    1313            if value:
    1314                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1315            else:
    1316                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1317
    1318            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)
    1319
    1320        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1321            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1322            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1323            if offset and not limit:
    1324                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1325            return super().select_sql(expression)

class Snowflake(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

     337class Snowflake(Dialect):
     338    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     339    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     340    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     341    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     342    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     343    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     344    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     345    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     346    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     347    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
     348
     349    TIME_MAPPING = {
     350        "YYYY": "%Y",
     351        "yyyy": "%Y",
     352        "YY": "%y",
     353        "yy": "%y",
     354        "MMMM": "%B",
     355        "mmmm": "%B",
     356        "MON": "%b",
     357        "mon": "%b",
     358        "MM": "%m",
     359        "mm": "%m",
     360        "DD": "%d",
     361        "dd": "%-d",
     362        "DY": "%a",
     363        "dy": "%w",
     364        "HH24": "%H",
     365        "hh24": "%H",
     366        "HH12": "%I",
     367        "hh12": "%I",
     368        "MI": "%M",
     369        "mi": "%M",
     370        "SS": "%S",
     371        "ss": "%S",
     372        "FF6": "%f",
     373        "ff6": "%f",
     374    }
     375
     376    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     377        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     378        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     379        if (
     380            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     381            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     382            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     383        ):
     384            return expression  # type: ignore
     385
     386        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     387
     388    class JSONPathTokenizer(jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer):
     389        SINGLE_TOKENS = jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS.copy()
     390        SINGLE_TOKENS.pop("$")
     391
     392    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     393        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     394        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     395        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
     396
     397        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     398            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     399            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     400        }
     401
     402        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     403        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     404
     405        FUNCTIONS = {
     406            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     407            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     408            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
     409            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     410                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     411            ),
     412            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     413                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     414                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     415                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     416                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     417            ),
     418            "BITXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     419            "BIT_XOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     420            "BITOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     421            "BIT_OR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     422            "BITSHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BITSHIFTLEFT"),
     423            "BIT_SHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BIT_SHIFTLEFT"),
     424            "BITSHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
     425            "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT"),
     426            "BOOLXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.Xor, "BOOLXOR"),
     427            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     428            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     429            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     430            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     431            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     432            "EDITDISTANCE": lambda args: exp.Levenshtein(
     433                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), max_dist=seq_get(args, 2)
     434            ),
     435            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     436            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     437                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     438            ),
     439            "HEX_DECODE_BINARY": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
     440            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     441            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     442                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     443            ),
     444            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     445            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     446            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     447            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     448            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     449            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     450            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     451            "REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     452            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     453            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     454            "TABLE": lambda args: exp.TableFromRows(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
     455            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     456            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     457            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     458            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     459            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     460            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     461            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     462            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     463            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
     464            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     465            "TRY_TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME, safe=True),
     466            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
     467                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
     468            ),
     469            "TO_CHAR": build_timetostr_or_tochar,
     470            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     471            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     472                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     473                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     474                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     475                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     476            ),
     477            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     478            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     479            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     480            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     481            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     482            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     483            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     484        }
     485
     486        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     487            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     488            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     489            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     490            "LISTAGG": lambda self: self._parse_string_agg(),
     491        }
     492        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     493
     494        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     495
     496        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     497            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     498            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     499            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     500        }
     501
     502        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     503            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     504            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     505                exp.Set,
     506                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     507                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     508                unset=True,
     509            ),
     510        }
     511
     512        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     513            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     514            TokenType.PUT: lambda self: self._parse_put(),
     515            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     516        }
     517
     518        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     519            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     520            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     521            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_tag(),
     522        }
     523
     524        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
     525            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     526            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     527        }
     528
     529        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     530            "DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     531            "TERSE DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     532            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     533            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     534            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     535            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     536            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     537            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     538            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     539            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     540            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     541            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     542            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     543            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     544            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     545            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     546            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     547            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     548            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     549            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     550            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     551            "FUNCTIONS": _show_parser("FUNCTIONS"),
     552            "PROCEDURES": _show_parser("PROCEDURES"),
     553            "WAREHOUSES": _show_parser("WAREHOUSES"),
     554        }
     555
     556        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     557            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     558            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     559            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     560            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     561            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     562        }
     563
     564        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     565            TokenType.DOT,
     566            TokenType.MOD,
     567            TokenType.SLASH,
     568        }
     569
     570        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     571
     572        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     573
     574        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     575
     576        LAMBDAS = {
     577            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     578            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     579                exp.Lambda,
     580                this=self._replace_lambda(
     581                    self._parse_assignment(),
     582                    expressions,
     583                ),
     584                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     585            ),
     586        }
     587
     588        def _parse_use(self) -> exp.Use:
     589            if self._match_text_seq("SECONDARY", "ROLES"):
     590                this = self._match_texts(("ALL", "NONE")) and exp.var(self._prev.text.upper())
     591                roles = None if this else self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_table(schema=False))
     592                return self.expression(
     593                    exp.Use, kind="SECONDARY ROLES", this=this, expressions=roles
     594                )
     595
     596            return super()._parse_use()
     597
     598        def _negate_range(
     599            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     600        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     601            if not this:
     602                return this
     603
     604            query = this.args.get("query")
     605            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
     606                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
     607                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
     608                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
     609                #
     610                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
     611                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
     612                return self.expression(
     613                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
     614                )
     615
     616            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
     617
     618        def _parse_tag(self) -> exp.Tags:
     619            return self.expression(
     620                exp.Tags,
     621                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     622            )
     623
     624        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     625            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     626                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     627
     628            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     629                policy = self._parse_column()
     630                return self.expression(
     631                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     632                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     633                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     634                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     635                )
     636            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     637                policy = self._parse_column()
     638                return self.expression(
     639                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
     640                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     641                )
     642            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     643                return self._parse_tag()
     644
     645            return None
     646
     647        def _parse_with_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression] | t.List[exp.Expression]:
     648            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     649                return self._parse_tag()
     650
     651            return super()._parse_with_property()
     652
     653        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     654            expression = super()._parse_create()
     655            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     656                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     657                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     658
     659            return expression
     660
     661        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     662        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     663        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     664            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     665
     666            if not this:
     667                return None
     668
     669            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     670            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     671            this = map_date_part(this)
     672            name = this.name.upper()
     673
     674            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     675                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     676                    scale = 10**3
     677                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     678                    scale = 10**6
     679                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     680                    scale = 10**9
     681                else:
     682                    scale = None
     683
     684                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     685                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     686
     687                if scale:
     688                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     689
     690                return to_unix
     691
     692            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     693
     694        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     695            if is_map:
     696                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     697                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     698                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     699                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     700
     701            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
     702
     703        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     704            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     705            if not lateral:
     706                return lateral
     707
     708            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     709                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     710                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     711                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     712                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     713                elif not table_alias:
     714                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     715
     716            return lateral
     717
     718        def _parse_table_parts(
     719            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     720        ) -> exp.Table:
     721            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     722            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     723                table = self._parse_string()
     724            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     725                table = self._parse_location_path()
     726            else:
     727                table = None
     728
     729            if table:
     730                file_format = None
     731                pattern = None
     732
     733                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     734                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     735                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     736                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     737                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     738                        )
     739                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     740                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     741                    else:
     742                        break
     743
     744                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     745
     746                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     747            else:
     748                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     749
     750            return table
     751
     752        def _parse_table(
     753            self,
     754            schema: bool = False,
     755            joins: bool = False,
     756            alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     757            parse_bracket: bool = False,
     758            is_db_reference: bool = False,
     759            parse_partition: bool = False,
     760        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     761            table = super()._parse_table(
     762                schema=schema,
     763                joins=joins,
     764                alias_tokens=alias_tokens,
     765                parse_bracket=parse_bracket,
     766                is_db_reference=is_db_reference,
     767                parse_partition=parse_partition,
     768            )
     769            if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and isinstance(table.this, exp.TableFromRows):
     770                table_from_rows = table.this
     771                for arg in exp.TableFromRows.arg_types:
     772                    if arg != "this":
     773                        table_from_rows.set(arg, table.args.get(arg))
     774
     775                table = table_from_rows
     776
     777            return table
     778
     779        def _parse_id_var(
     780            self,
     781            any_token: bool = True,
     782            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     783        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     784            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     785                identifier = (
     786                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     787                    or self._parse_string()
     788                )
     789                self._match_r_paren()
     790                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     791
     792            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     793
     794        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     795            scope = None
     796            scope_kind = None
     797
     798            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     799            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     800            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     801
     802            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     803
     804            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     805
     806            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     807                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     808                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     809                elif self._match_text_seq("CLASS"):
     810                    scope_kind = "CLASS"
     811                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     812                elif self._match_text_seq("APPLICATION"):
     813                    scope_kind = "APPLICATION"
     814                    if self._match_text_seq("PACKAGE"):
     815                        scope_kind += " PACKAGE"
     816                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     817                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     818                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     819                    if self._curr:
     820                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     821                elif self._curr:
     822                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     823                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     824
     825            return self.expression(
     826                exp.Show,
     827                **{
     828                    "terse": terse,
     829                    "this": this,
     830                    "history": history,
     831                    "like": like,
     832                    "scope": scope,
     833                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     834                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     835                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     836                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     837                    "privileges": self._match_text_seq("WITH", "PRIVILEGES")
     838                    and self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_var(any_token=True, upper=True)),
     839                },
     840            )
     841
     842        def _parse_put(self) -> exp.Put | exp.Command:
     843            if self._curr.token_type != TokenType.STRING:
     844                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     845
     846            return self.expression(
     847                exp.Put,
     848                this=self._parse_string(),
     849                target=self._parse_location_path(),
     850                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     851            )
     852
     853        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     854            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     855            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     856
     857        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     858            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     859            return (
     860                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
     861                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     862                else self._parse_table_parts()
     863            )
     864
     865        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     866            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
     867
     868            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     869            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     870            # in case of subqueries
     871            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     872                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     873            ):
     874                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
     875
     876            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
     877
     878        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     879            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     880
     881            if not this:
     882                return this
     883
     884            typ = self._parse_types()
     885
     886            if typ:
     887                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     888
     889            return this
     890
     891        def _parse_foreign_key(self) -> exp.ForeignKey:
     892            # inlineFK, the REFERENCES columns are implied
     893            if self._match(TokenType.REFERENCES, advance=False):
     894                return self.expression(exp.ForeignKey)
     895
     896            # outoflineFK, explicitly names the columns
     897            return super()._parse_foreign_key()
     898
     899    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     900        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     901        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     902        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     903        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     904        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
     905
     906        KEYWORDS = {
     907            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     908            "FILE://": TokenType.URI_START,
     909            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     910            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     911            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     912            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     913            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     914            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     915            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     916            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     917            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     918            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     919            "PUT": TokenType.PUT,
     920            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     921            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     922            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     923            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     924            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     925            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     926            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     927            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     928            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     929            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     930            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     931        }
     932        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     933
     934        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     935            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     936            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     937        }
     938
     939        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     940
     941        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     942
     943    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     944        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     945        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     946        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     947        JOIN_HINTS = False
     948        TABLE_HINTS = False
     949        QUERY_HINTS = False
     950        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     951        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     952        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     953        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     954        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     955        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
     956        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
     957        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
     958        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     959        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
     960        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
     961        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
     962        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
     963        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     964        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
     965        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "ARRAY_SIZE"
     966
     967        TRANSFORMS = {
     968            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     969            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     970            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
     971            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
     972            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
     973            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
     974            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
     975            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     976                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
     977            ),
     978            exp.BitwiseOr: rename_func("BITOR"),
     979            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
     980            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTLEFT"),
     981            exp.BitwiseRightShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
     982            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
     983            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     984            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     985            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
     986            exp.DatetimeDiff: timestampdiff_sql,
     987            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     988            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
     989            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
     990            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
     991            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
     992            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
     993            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     994                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
     995            ),
     996            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
     997                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
     998            ),
     999            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(self, e, sep=""),
    1000            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
    1001            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1002            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1003                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
    1004            ),
    1005            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
    1006            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
    1007            exp.JSONValueArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1008            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
    1009            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
    1010            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1011            exp.MakeInterval: no_make_interval_sql,
    1012            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    1013            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    1014            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1015                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
    1016            ),
    1017            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1018            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
    1019                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1020            ),
    1021            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
    1022                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1023            ),
    1024            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_pivot_columns]),
    1025            exp.RegexpExtract: _regexpextract_sql,
    1026            exp.RegexpExtractAll: _regexpextract_sql,
    1027            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
    1028            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
    1029            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    1030                [
    1031                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    1032                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
    1033                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1034                    _transform_generate_date_array,
    1035                ]
    1036            ),
    1037            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1038            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1039            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
    1040            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    1041                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
    1042            ),
    1043            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    1044            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
    1045            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
    1046            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    1047            exp.TimestampAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1048            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1049                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
    1050            ),
    1051            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    1052            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1053            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    1054            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
    1055            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
    1056            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
    1057            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1058            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1059            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1060                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1061            ),
    1062            exp.TsOrDsToTime: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1063                "TRY_TO_TIME" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_TIME", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1064            ),
    1065            exp.Unhex: rename_func("HEX_DECODE_BINARY"),
    1066            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
    1067            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
    1068            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1069            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    1070            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
    1071            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")(
    1072                rename_func("EDITDISTANCE")
    1073            ),
    1074        }
    1075
    1076        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1077            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1078            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1079            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1080        }
    1081
    1082        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1083            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1084            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
    1085            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
    1086        }
    1087
    1088        TOKEN_MAPPING = {
    1089            TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: "AUTOINCREMENT",
    1090        }
    1091
    1092        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1093            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1094            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1095            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1096        }
    1097
    1098        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
    1099            exp.Map,
    1100            exp.StarMap,
    1101            exp.Struct,
    1102            exp.VarMap,
    1103        }
    1104
    1105        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1106            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
    1107
    1108        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1109            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1110                values_as_table = False
    1111
    1112            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
    1113
    1114        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1115            expressions = expression.expressions
    1116            if (
    1117                expressions
    1118                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1119                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1120            ):
    1121                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1122                return "OBJECT"
    1123
    1124            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    1125
    1126        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1127            return self.func(
    1128                "TO_NUMBER",
    1129                expression.this,
    1130                expression.args.get("format"),
    1131                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1132                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1133            )
    1134
    1135        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1136            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1137            if milli is not None:
    1138                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1139                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1140
    1141            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
    1142
    1143        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1144            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1145                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1146            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1147                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1148
    1149            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
    1150
    1151        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1152            value = expression.this
    1153
    1154            if value.type is None:
    1155                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1156
    1157                value = annotate_types(value)
    1158
    1159            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1160                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1161
    1162            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1163            return self.cast_sql(expression)
    1164
    1165        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1166            if not expression.expression:
    1167                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1168
    1169            return super().log_sql(expression)
    1170
    1171        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1172            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1173            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1174
    1175            columns = [
    1176                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1177                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1178                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1179                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1180                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
    1181                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
    1182                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1183            ]
    1184
    1185            if unnest_alias:
    1186                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1187            else:
    1188                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1189
    1190            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1191            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1192                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1193
    1194            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1195            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1196            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1197            return f"{explode}{alias}"
    1198
    1199        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1200            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1201            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1202            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1203            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1204
    1205            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1206            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1207
    1208            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1209            if scope_kind:
    1210                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1211
    1212            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1213            if starts_with:
    1214                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1215
    1216            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1217
    1218            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1219            if from_:
    1220                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1221
    1222            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1223            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1224
    1225            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"
    1226
    1227        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1228            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1229            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1230            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1231            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1232            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1233            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1234            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1235
    1236        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1237            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1238        ) -> str:
    1239            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1240            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1241            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1242            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1243            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1244
    1245        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1246            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1247
    1248        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1249            keys = []
    1250            values = []
    1251
    1252            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1253                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1254                    keys.append(
    1255                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1256                    )
    1257                    values.append(e.expression)
    1258                else:
    1259                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1260                    values.append(e)
    1261
    1262            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1263
    1264        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1265        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1266            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1267
    1268        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1269            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1270            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1271            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1272            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1273            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1274            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1275            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1276            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1277
    1278            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1279
    1280        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1281            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1282            return self.func(
    1283                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1284            )
    1285
    1286        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1287            return self.sql(
    1288                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1289                    this=expression.this,
    1290                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1291                    unit=expression.unit,
    1292                )
    1293            )
    1294
    1295        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1296            this = expression.this
    1297
    1298            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1299            return self.func(
    1300                "GET_PATH",
    1301                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1302                expression.expression,
    1303            )
    1304
    1305        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1306            this = expression.this
    1307            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1308                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1309
    1310            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))
    1311
    1312        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1313            value = expression.expression
    1314            if value:
    1315                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1316            else:
    1317                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1318
    1319            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)
    1320
    1321        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1322            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1323            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1324            if offset and not limit:
    1325                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1326            return super().select_sql(expression)

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE: 'UPPERCASE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_large'

Default `NULL` ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: `"nulls_are_small"`, `"nulls_are_large"`, `"nulls_are_last"`

TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False

Whether user-defined data types are supported.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True

Some dialects, such as Snowflake, allow you to reference a CTE column alias in the HAVING clause of the CTE. This flag will cause the CTE alias columns to override any projection aliases in the subquery.

For example, WITH y(c) AS ( SELECT SUM(a) FROM (SELECT 1 a) AS x HAVING c > 0 ) SELECT c FROM y;

    will be rewritten as

    WITH y(c) AS (
        SELECT SUM(a) AS c FROM (SELECT 1 AS a) AS x HAVING c > 0
    ) SELECT c FROM y;

TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False

Whether COPY statement parameters are separated by comma or whitespace

ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS: Optional[bool] = None

Whether ArrayAgg needs to filter NULL values.

TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'mmmm': '%B', 'MON': '%b', 'mon': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'mm': '%m', 'DD': '%d', 'dd': '%-d', 'DY': '%a', 'dy': '%w', 'HH24': '%H', 'hh24': '%H', 'HH12': '%I', 'hh12': '%I', 'MI': '%M', 'mi': '%M', 'SS': '%S', 'ss': '%S', 'FF6': '%f', 'ff6': '%f'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

def quote_identifier(self, expression: ~E, identify: bool = True) -> ~E: View Source

    376    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
    377        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
    378        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
    379        if (
    380            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
    381            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
    382            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
    383        ):
    384            return expression  # type: ignore
    385
    386        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)

Adds quotes to a given identifier.

###### Arguments:

- expression: The expression of interest. If it's not an `Identifier`, this method is a no-op.
- identify: If set to `False`, the quotes will only be added if the identifier is deemed "unsafe", with respect to its characters and this dialect's normalization strategy.

SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\\a': '\x07', '\\b': '\x08', '\\f': '\x0c', '\\n': '\n', '\\r': '\r', '\\t': '\t', '\\v': '\x0b', '\\\\': '\\'}

Mapping of an escaped sequence (`\n`) to its unescaped version (`` ).

tokenizer_class = <class 'Snowflake.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'Snowflake.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Snowflake.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Snowflake.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {'6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {'6': {0: True}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {'6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {'6': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'mmmm', '%b': 'mon', '%m': 'mm', '%d': 'DD', '%-d': 'dd', '%a': 'DY', '%w': 'dy', '%H': 'hh24', '%I': 'hh12', '%M': 'mi', '%S': 'ss', '%f': 'ff6'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, '-': {'d': {0: True}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\x07': '\\a', '\x08': '\\b', '\x0c': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t', '\x0b': '\\v', '\\': '\\\\'}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = "x'"
HEX_END: Optional[str] = "'"
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None
class Snowflake.JSONPathTokenizer(sqlglot.jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer): View Source

    388    class JSONPathTokenizer(jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer):
    389        SINGLE_TOKENS = jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS.copy()
    390        SINGLE_TOKENS.pop("$")

SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, "'": <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>, '"': <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEX_STRINGS
  RAW_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  NESTED_COMMENTS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMANDS
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  COMMENTS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens
sqlglot.jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer
  KEYWORDS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  STRING_ESCAPES

class Snowflake.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    392    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    393        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
    394        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
    395        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
    396
    397        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
    398            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
    399            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    400        }
    401
    402        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
    403        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
    404
    405        FUNCTIONS = {
    406            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    407            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    408            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
    409            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
    410                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
    411            ),
    412            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
    413                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
    414                start=seq_get(args, 0),
    415                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
    416                step=seq_get(args, 2),
    417            ),
    418            "BITXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
    419            "BIT_XOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
    420            "BITOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
    421            "BIT_OR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
    422            "BITSHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BITSHIFTLEFT"),
    423            "BIT_SHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BIT_SHIFTLEFT"),
    424            "BITSHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
    425            "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT"),
    426            "BOOLXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.Xor, "BOOLXOR"),
    427            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    428            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
    429            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    430            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    431            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
    432            "EDITDISTANCE": lambda args: exp.Levenshtein(
    433                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), max_dist=seq_get(args, 2)
    434            ),
    435            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
    436            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
    437                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
    438            ),
    439            "HEX_DECODE_BINARY": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    440            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
    441            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
    442                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
    443            ),
    444            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
    445            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
    446            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
    447            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
    448            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    449            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
    450            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    451            "REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    452            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
    453            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
    454            "TABLE": lambda args: exp.TableFromRows(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    455            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
    456            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    457            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    458            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
    459            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    460            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    461            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    462            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    463            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
    464            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
    465            "TRY_TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME, safe=True),
    466            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
    467                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
    468            ),
    469            "TO_CHAR": build_timetostr_or_tochar,
    470            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    471            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
    472                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    473                format=seq_get(args, 1),
    474                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
    475                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
    476            ),
    477            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
    478            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    479            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
    480            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    481            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
    482            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
    483            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
    484        }
    485
    486        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    487            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    488            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
    489            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
    490            "LISTAGG": lambda self: self._parse_string_agg(),
    491        }
    492        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    493
    494        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
    495
    496        RANGE_PARSERS = {
    497            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
    498            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
    499            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
    500        }
    501
    502        ALTER_PARSERS = {
    503            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
    504            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
    505                exp.Set,
    506                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
    507                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    508                unset=True,
    509            ),
    510        }
    511
    512        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
    513            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
    514            TokenType.PUT: lambda self: self._parse_put(),
    515            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
    516        }
    517
    518        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    519            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    520            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
    521            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_tag(),
    522        }
    523
    524        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
    525            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
    526            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
    527        }
    528
    529        SHOW_PARSERS = {
    530            "DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
    531            "TERSE DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
    532            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    533            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    534            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    535            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    536            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    537            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    538            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    539            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    540            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    541            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    542            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    543            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    544            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    545            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    546            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    547            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    548            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
    549            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    550            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    551            "FUNCTIONS": _show_parser("FUNCTIONS"),
    552            "PROCEDURES": _show_parser("PROCEDURES"),
    553            "WAREHOUSES": _show_parser("WAREHOUSES"),
    554        }
    555
    556        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
    557            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
    558            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    559            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    560            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    561            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    562        }
    563
    564        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    565            TokenType.DOT,
    566            TokenType.MOD,
    567            TokenType.SLASH,
    568        }
    569
    570        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
    571
    572        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
    573
    574        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
    575
    576        LAMBDAS = {
    577            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
    578            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
    579                exp.Lambda,
    580                this=self._replace_lambda(
    581                    self._parse_assignment(),
    582                    expressions,
    583                ),
    584                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
    585            ),
    586        }
    587
    588        def _parse_use(self) -> exp.Use:
    589            if self._match_text_seq("SECONDARY", "ROLES"):
    590                this = self._match_texts(("ALL", "NONE")) and exp.var(self._prev.text.upper())
    591                roles = None if this else self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_table(schema=False))
    592                return self.expression(
    593                    exp.Use, kind="SECONDARY ROLES", this=this, expressions=roles
    594                )
    595
    596            return super()._parse_use()
    597
    598        def _negate_range(
    599            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
    600        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    601            if not this:
    602                return this
    603
    604            query = this.args.get("query")
    605            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
    606                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
    607                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
    608                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
    609                #
    610                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
    611                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
    612                return self.expression(
    613                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
    614                )
    615
    616            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
    617
    618        def _parse_tag(self) -> exp.Tags:
    619            return self.expression(
    620                exp.Tags,
    621                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
    622            )
    623
    624        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    625            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
    626                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
    627
    628            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
    629                policy = self._parse_column()
    630                return self.expression(
    631                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
    632                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
    633                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
    634                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    635                )
    636            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
    637                policy = self._parse_column()
    638                return self.expression(
    639                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
    640                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
    641                )
    642            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
    643                return self._parse_tag()
    644
    645            return None
    646
    647        def _parse_with_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression] | t.List[exp.Expression]:
    648            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
    649                return self._parse_tag()
    650
    651            return super()._parse_with_property()
    652
    653        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
    654            expression = super()._parse_create()
    655            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
    656                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
    657                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
    658
    659            return expression
    660
    661        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
    662        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
    663        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    664            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
    665
    666            if not this:
    667                return None
    668
    669            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    670            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
    671            this = map_date_part(this)
    672            name = this.name.upper()
    673
    674            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
    675                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
    676                    scale = 10**3
    677                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
    678                    scale = 10**6
    679                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
    680                    scale = 10**9
    681                else:
    682                    scale = None
    683
    684                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
    685                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
    686
    687                if scale:
    688                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
    689
    690                return to_unix
    691
    692            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
    693
    694        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    695            if is_map:
    696                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
    697                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
    698                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
    699                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
    700
    701            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
    702
    703        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
    704            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
    705            if not lateral:
    706                return lateral
    707
    708            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
    709                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
    710                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
    711                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
    712                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
    713                elif not table_alias:
    714                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
    715
    716            return lateral
    717
    718        def _parse_table_parts(
    719            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
    720        ) -> exp.Table:
    721            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
    722            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
    723                table = self._parse_string()
    724            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
    725                table = self._parse_location_path()
    726            else:
    727                table = None
    728
    729            if table:
    730                file_format = None
    731                pattern = None
    732
    733                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
    734                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
    735                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
    736                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
    737                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
    738                        )
    739                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
    740                        pattern = self._parse_string()
    741                    else:
    742                        break
    743
    744                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    745
    746                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
    747            else:
    748                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
    749
    750            return table
    751
    752        def _parse_table(
    753            self,
    754            schema: bool = False,
    755            joins: bool = False,
    756            alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
    757            parse_bracket: bool = False,
    758            is_db_reference: bool = False,
    759            parse_partition: bool = False,
    760        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    761            table = super()._parse_table(
    762                schema=schema,
    763                joins=joins,
    764                alias_tokens=alias_tokens,
    765                parse_bracket=parse_bracket,
    766                is_db_reference=is_db_reference,
    767                parse_partition=parse_partition,
    768            )
    769            if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and isinstance(table.this, exp.TableFromRows):
    770                table_from_rows = table.this
    771                for arg in exp.TableFromRows.arg_types:
    772                    if arg != "this":
    773                        table_from_rows.set(arg, table.args.get(arg))
    774
    775                table = table_from_rows
    776
    777            return table
    778
    779        def _parse_id_var(
    780            self,
    781            any_token: bool = True,
    782            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
    783        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    784            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
    785                identifier = (
    786                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    787                    or self._parse_string()
    788                )
    789                self._match_r_paren()
    790                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
    791
    792            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    793
    794        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
    795            scope = None
    796            scope_kind = None
    797
    798            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
    799            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
    800            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
    801
    802            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
    803
    804            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
    805
    806            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
    807                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
    808                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
    809                elif self._match_text_seq("CLASS"):
    810                    scope_kind = "CLASS"
    811                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    812                elif self._match_text_seq("APPLICATION"):
    813                    scope_kind = "APPLICATION"
    814                    if self._match_text_seq("PACKAGE"):
    815                        scope_kind += " PACKAGE"
    816                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    817                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
    818                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
    819                    if self._curr:
    820                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    821                elif self._curr:
    822                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
    823                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    824
    825            return self.expression(
    826                exp.Show,
    827                **{
    828                    "terse": terse,
    829                    "this": this,
    830                    "history": history,
    831                    "like": like,
    832                    "scope": scope,
    833                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
    834                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
    835                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
    836                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
    837                    "privileges": self._match_text_seq("WITH", "PRIVILEGES")
    838                    and self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_var(any_token=True, upper=True)),
    839                },
    840            )
    841
    842        def _parse_put(self) -> exp.Put | exp.Command:
    843            if self._curr.token_type != TokenType.STRING:
    844                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
    845
    846            return self.expression(
    847                exp.Put,
    848                this=self._parse_string(),
    849                target=self._parse_location_path(),
    850                properties=self._parse_properties(),
    851            )
    852
    853        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
    854            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
    855            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
    856
    857        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    858            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
    859            return (
    860                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
    861                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
    862                else self._parse_table_parts()
    863            )
    864
    865        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
    866            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
    867
    868            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
    869            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
    870            # in case of subqueries
    871            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
    872                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
    873            ):
    874                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
    875
    876            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
    877
    878        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    879            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
    880
    881            if not this:
    882                return this
    883
    884            typ = self._parse_types()
    885
    886            if typ:
    887                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
    888
    889            return this
    890
    891        def _parse_foreign_key(self) -> exp.ForeignKey:
    892            # inlineFK, the REFERENCES columns are implied
    893            if self._match(TokenType.REFERENCES, advance=False):
    894                return self.expression(exp.ForeignKey)
    895
    896            # outoflineFK, explicitly names the columns
    897            return super()._parse_foreign_key()

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = 'BERNOULLI'
COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>}
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Contains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>>, 'DATE_BIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateBin'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function _date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK_ISO': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'ISODOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exists'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FEATURES_AT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FeaturesAtTime'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromISO8601Timestamp'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'INLINE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Inline'>>, 'INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExists'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONCast'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'J_S_O_N_VALUE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEN': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHARACTER_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAKE_INTERVAL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MEDIAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Median'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NORMALIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Normalize'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>>, 'OVERLAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function _build_regexp_replace>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SPLIT_PART': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <function build_timetostr_or_tochar>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNICODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLElement'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRPOS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'CHARINDEX': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'LOCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITXOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_XOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BITOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_OR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BITSHIFTLEFT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_SHIFTLEFT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BITSHIFTRIGHT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_SHIFTRIGHT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BOOLXOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'DATEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'DIV0': <function _build_if_from_div0>, 'EDITDISTANCE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'GET_PATH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEX_DECODE_BINARY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'IFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'NULLIFZERO': <function _build_if_from_nullifzero>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT': <function _build_object_construct>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'RLIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'SQUARE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TABLE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMPADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TRY_PARSE_JSON': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TRY_TO_TIME': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIME': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_VARCHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'ZEROIFNULL': <function _build_if_from_zeroifnull>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CEIL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FLOOR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NORMALIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OVERLAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_PART': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LISTAGG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TIMESTAMPS = {<TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>}
ALTER_PARSERS = {'ADD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALTER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DELETE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DROP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RENAME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SWAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNSET': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BACKUP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONTAINS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATA_DELETION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTRIBUTED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DUPLICATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DYNAMIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EMPTY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOBAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ICEBERG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INHERITS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MODIFIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'READS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STREAMING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHARING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNLOGGED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TAG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TYPE_CONVERTERS = {<Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: <function build_default_decimal_type.<locals>._builder>}
SHOW_PARSERS = {'DATABASES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE DATABASES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'COLUMNS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'FUNCTIONS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'PROCEDURES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'WAREHOUSES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>}
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {'AUTOINCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASESPECIFIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMPRESS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NONCLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFAULT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENCODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EPHEMERAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXCLUDE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IDENTITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INLINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PATH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PERIOD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REFERENCES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TITLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNIQUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPERCASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WATERMARK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'MASKING': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'PROJECTION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TAG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>}
FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ['SEQ', 'KEY', 'PATH', 'INDEX', 'VALUE', 'THIS']
SCHEMA_KINDS = {'TABLES', 'VIEWS', 'UNIQUE KEYS', 'IMPORTED KEYS', 'OBJECTS', 'SEQUENCES'}
NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {'WAREHOUSE', 'STREAMLIT', 'TAG', 'STORAGE INTEGRATION'}
LAMBDAS = {<TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {'DATABASES': {0: True}, 'TERSE': {'DATABASES': {0: True}, 'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}}, 'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'COLUMNS': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}, 'FUNCTIONS': {0: True}, 'PROCEDURES': {0: True}, 'WAREHOUSES': {0: True}}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  PROCEDURE_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  NULL_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  PARTITION_KEYWORDS
  AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_TOKENS
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  RECURSIVE_CTE_SEARCH_KIND
  MODIFIABLES
  STRICT_CAST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
  ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  WRAPPED_TRANSFORM_COLUMN_CONSTRAINT
  OPTIONAL_ALIAS_TOKEN_CTE
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  errors
  sql

class Snowflake.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    899    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    900        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
    901        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    902        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
    903        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
    904        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    905
    906        KEYWORDS = {
    907            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    908            "FILE://": TokenType.URI_START,
    909            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
    910            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    911            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    912            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    913            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
    914            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
    915            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    916            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    917            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    918            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    919            "PUT": TokenType.PUT,
    920            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    921            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
    922            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
    923            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
    924            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    925            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
    926            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
    927            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
    928            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
    929            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
    930            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
    931        }
    932        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    933
    934        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    935            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
    936            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
    937        }
    938
    939        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
    940
    941        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}

STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\', "'"]
HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
RAW_STRINGS = ['$$']
COMMENTS = ['--', '//', ('/*', '*/')]
NESTED_COMMENTS = False
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NAMESPACE': <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT256': <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'UINT128': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'UINT256': <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FILE://': <TokenType.URI_START: 'URI_START'>, 'BYTEINT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'EXCLUDE': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'ILIKE ANY': <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>, 'LIKE ANY': <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>, 'MATCH_CONDITION': <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'MINUS': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'NCHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'PUT': <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, 'REMOVE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'SAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'SQL_DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'SQL_VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'STORAGE INTEGRATION': <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, 'TAG': <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, 'TIMESTAMP_TZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TOP': <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, 'WAREHOUSE': <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, 'STREAMLIT': <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>}
SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, '{': <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>, '}': <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>, '&': <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>, '^': <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '=': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '>': <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>, '<': <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>, '%': <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, '!': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, '|': <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>, '+': <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>, ';': <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>, '/': <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, '\\': <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>, '~': <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, '#': <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>, "'": <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '`': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '"': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '$': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>}
VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {'$'}
COMMANDS = {<TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Snowflake.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

     943    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     944        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     945        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     946        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     947        JOIN_HINTS = False
     948        TABLE_HINTS = False
     949        QUERY_HINTS = False
     950        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     951        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     952        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     953        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     954        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
     955        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
     956        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
     957        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
     958        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
     959        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
     960        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
     961        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
     962        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
     963        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
     964        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
     965        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "ARRAY_SIZE"
     966
     967        TRANSFORMS = {
     968            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
     969            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
     970            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
     971            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
     972            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
     973            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
     974            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
     975            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     976                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
     977            ),
     978            exp.BitwiseOr: rename_func("BITOR"),
     979            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
     980            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTLEFT"),
     981            exp.BitwiseRightShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
     982            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
     983            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
     984            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
     985            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
     986            exp.DatetimeDiff: timestampdiff_sql,
     987            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
     988            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
     989            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
     990            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
     991            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
     992            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
     993            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
     994                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
     995            ),
     996            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
     997                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
     998            ),
     999            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(self, e, sep=""),
    1000            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
    1001            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1002            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1003                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
    1004            ),
    1005            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
    1006            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
    1007            exp.JSONValueArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1008            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
    1009            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
    1010            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1011            exp.MakeInterval: no_make_interval_sql,
    1012            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    1013            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    1014            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1015                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
    1016            ),
    1017            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1018            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
    1019                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1020            ),
    1021            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
    1022                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1023            ),
    1024            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_pivot_columns]),
    1025            exp.RegexpExtract: _regexpextract_sql,
    1026            exp.RegexpExtractAll: _regexpextract_sql,
    1027            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
    1028            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
    1029            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    1030                [
    1031                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    1032                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
    1033                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1034                    _transform_generate_date_array,
    1035                ]
    1036            ),
    1037            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1038            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1039            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
    1040            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    1041                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
    1042            ),
    1043            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    1044            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
    1045            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
    1046            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    1047            exp.TimestampAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1048            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1049                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
    1050            ),
    1051            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    1052            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1053            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    1054            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
    1055            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
    1056            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
    1057            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1058            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1059            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1060                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1061            ),
    1062            exp.TsOrDsToTime: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1063                "TRY_TO_TIME" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_TIME", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1064            ),
    1065            exp.Unhex: rename_func("HEX_DECODE_BINARY"),
    1066            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
    1067            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
    1068            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1069            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    1070            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
    1071            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")(
    1072                rename_func("EDITDISTANCE")
    1073            ),
    1074        }
    1075
    1076        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1077            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1078            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1079            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1080        }
    1081
    1082        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1083            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1084            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
    1085            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
    1086        }
    1087
    1088        TOKEN_MAPPING = {
    1089            TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: "AUTOINCREMENT",
    1090        }
    1091
    1092        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1093            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1094            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1095            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1096        }
    1097
    1098        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
    1099            exp.Map,
    1100            exp.StarMap,
    1101            exp.Struct,
    1102            exp.VarMap,
    1103        }
    1104
    1105        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1106            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
    1107
    1108        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1109            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1110                values_as_table = False
    1111
    1112            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
    1113
    1114        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1115            expressions = expression.expressions
    1116            if (
    1117                expressions
    1118                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1119                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1120            ):
    1121                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1122                return "OBJECT"
    1123
    1124            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    1125
    1126        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1127            return self.func(
    1128                "TO_NUMBER",
    1129                expression.this,
    1130                expression.args.get("format"),
    1131                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1132                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1133            )
    1134
    1135        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1136            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1137            if milli is not None:
    1138                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1139                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1140
    1141            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
    1142
    1143        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1144            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1145                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1146            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1147                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1148
    1149            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
    1150
    1151        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1152            value = expression.this
    1153
    1154            if value.type is None:
    1155                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1156
    1157                value = annotate_types(value)
    1158
    1159            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1160                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1161
    1162            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1163            return self.cast_sql(expression)
    1164
    1165        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1166            if not expression.expression:
    1167                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1168
    1169            return super().log_sql(expression)
    1170
    1171        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1172            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1173            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1174
    1175            columns = [
    1176                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1177                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1178                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1179                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1180                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
    1181                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
    1182                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1183            ]
    1184
    1185            if unnest_alias:
    1186                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1187            else:
    1188                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1189
    1190            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1191            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1192                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1193
    1194            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1195            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1196            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1197            return f"{explode}{alias}"
    1198
    1199        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1200            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1201            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1202            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1203            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1204
    1205            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1206            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1207
    1208            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1209            if scope_kind:
    1210                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1211
    1212            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1213            if starts_with:
    1214                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1215
    1216            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1217
    1218            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1219            if from_:
    1220                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1221
    1222            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1223            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1224
    1225            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"
    1226
    1227        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1228            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1229            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1230            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1231            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1232            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1233            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1234            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1235
    1236        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1237            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1238        ) -> str:
    1239            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1240            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1241            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1242            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1243            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1244
    1245        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1246            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1247
    1248        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1249            keys = []
    1250            values = []
    1251
    1252            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1253                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1254                    keys.append(
    1255                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1256                    )
    1257                    values.append(e.expression)
    1258                else:
    1259                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1260                    values.append(e)
    1261
    1262            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1263
    1264        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1265        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1266            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1267
    1268        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1269            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1270            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1271            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1272            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1273            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1274            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1275            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1276            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1277
    1278            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1279
    1280        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1281            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1282            return self.func(
    1283                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1284            )
    1285
    1286        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1287            return self.sql(
    1288                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1289                    this=expression.this,
    1290                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1291                    unit=expression.unit,
    1292                )
    1293            )
    1294
    1295        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1296            this = expression.this
    1297
    1298            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1299            return self.func(
    1300                "GET_PATH",
    1301                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1302                expression.expression,
    1303            )
    1304
    1305        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1306            this = expression.this
    1307            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1308                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1309
    1310            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))
    1311
    1312        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1313            value = expression.expression
    1314            if value:
    1315                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1316            else:
    1317                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1318
    1319            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)
    1320
    1321        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1322            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1323            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1324            if offset and not limit:
    1325                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1326            return super().select_sql(expression)

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

PARAMETER_TOKEN = '$'
MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ','
INSERT_OVERWRITE = ' OVERWRITE INTO'
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
STAR_EXCEPT = 'EXCLUDE'
SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = 'ARRAY_SIZE'
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeColumns'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeWith'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingData'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function inline_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>: <function timestampdiff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>: <function _json_extract_value_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>: <function _json_extract_value_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>: <function no_make_interval_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function _regexpextract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>: <function _regexpextract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function _regexpilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function no_timestamp_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.BLOB: 'BLOB'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NESTED: 'NESTED'>: 'OBJECT', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'OBJECT'}
TOKEN_MAPPING = {<TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>: 'AUTOINCREMENT'}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IncludeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>}
UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>}
def with_properties(self, properties: sqlglot.expressions.Properties) -> str: View Source

    1105        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1106            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")

def values_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str: View Source

    1108        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1109            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1110                values_as_table = False
    1111
    1112            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)

def datatype_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DataType) -> str: View Source

    1114        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1115            expressions = expression.expressions
    1116            if (
    1117                expressions
    1118                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1119                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1120            ):
    1121                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1122                return "OBJECT"
    1123
    1124            return super().datatype_sql(expression)

def tonumber_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber) -> str: View Source

    1126        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1127            return self.func(
    1128                "TO_NUMBER",
    1129                expression.this,
    1130                expression.args.get("format"),
    1131                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1132                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1133            )

def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts) -> str: View Source

    1135        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1136            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1137            if milli is not None:
    1138                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1139                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1140
    1141            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)

def cast_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cast, safe_prefix: Optional[str] = None) -> str: View Source

    1143        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1144            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1145                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1146            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1147                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1148
    1149            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)

def trycast_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TryCast) -> str: View Source

    1151        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1152            value = expression.this
    1153
    1154            if value.type is None:
    1155                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1156
    1157                value = annotate_types(value)
    1158
    1159            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1160                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1161
    1162            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1163            return self.cast_sql(expression)

def log_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Log) -> str: View Source

    1165        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1166            if not expression.expression:
    1167                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1168
    1169            return super().log_sql(expression)

def unnest_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str: View Source

    1171        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1172            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1173            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1174
    1175            columns = [
    1176                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1177                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1178                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1179                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1180                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
    1181                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
    1182                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1183            ]
    1184
    1185            if unnest_alias:
    1186                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1187            else:
    1188                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1189
    1190            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1191            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1192                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1193
    1194            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1195            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1196            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1197            return f"{explode}{alias}"

def show_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Show) -> str: View Source

    1199        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1200            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1201            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1202            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1203            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1204
    1205            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1206            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1207
    1208            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1209            if scope_kind:
    1210                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1211
    1212            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1213            if starts_with:
    1214                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1215
    1216            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1217
    1218            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1219            if from_:
    1220                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1221
    1222            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1223            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1224
    1225            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"

def describe_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Describe) -> str: View Source

    1227        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1228            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1229            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1230            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1231            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1232            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1233            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1234            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"

def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint) -> str: View Source

    1236        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1237            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1238        ) -> str:
    1239            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1240            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1241            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1242            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1243            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"

def cluster_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cluster) -> str: View Source

    1245        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1246            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"

def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str: View Source

    1248        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1249            keys = []
    1250            values = []
    1251
    1252            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1253                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1254                    keys.append(
    1255                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1256                    )
    1257                    values.append(e.expression)
    1258                else:
    1259                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1260                    values.append(e)
    1261
    1262            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))

@unsupported_args('weight', 'accuracy')
def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile) -> str: View Source

    1264        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1265        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1266            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))

def alterset_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.AlterSet) -> str: View Source

    1268        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1269            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1270            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1271            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1272            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1273            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1274            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1275            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1276            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1277
    1278            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"

def strtotime_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime): View Source

    1280        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1281            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1282            return self.func(
    1283                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1284            )

def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub): View Source

    1286        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1287            return self.sql(
    1288                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1289                    this=expression.this,
    1290                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1291                    unit=expression.unit,
    1292                )
    1293            )

def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract): View Source

    1295        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1296            this = expression.this
    1297
    1298            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1299            return self.func(
    1300                "GET_PATH",
    1301                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1302                expression.expression,
    1303            )

def timetostr_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr) -> str: View Source

    1305        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1306            this = expression.this
    1307            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1308                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1309
    1310            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))

def datesub_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DateSub) -> str: View Source

    1312        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1313            value = expression.expression
    1314            if value:
    1315                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1316            else:
    1317                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1318
    1319            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)

def select_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Select) -> str: View Source

    1321        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1322            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1323            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1324            if offset and not limit:
    1325                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1326            return super().select_sql(expression)

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
  LIMIT_FETCH
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
  NVL2_SUPPORTED
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
  MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  HEX_FUNC
  WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS
  PARSE_JSON_NAME
  ALTER_SET_TYPE
  ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  EXPRESSION_PRECEDES_PROPERTIES_CREATABLES
  RESERVED_KEYWORDS
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  transformcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  create_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  limitoptions_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_parts
  table_sql
  tablefromrows_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  version_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  groupingsets_sql
  rollup_sql
  cube_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_op
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  withfill_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognizemeasure_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  options_modifier
  queryoption_sql
  offset_limit_modifiers
  after_limit_modifiers
  schema_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  prewhere_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  windowspec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_offset_expressions
  bracket_sql
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  convert_concat_args
  concat_sql
  concatws_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonpath_sql
  json_path_part
  formatjson_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  jsonobjectagg_sql
  jsonarray_sql
  jsonarrayagg_sql
  jsoncolumndef_sql
  jsonschema_sql
  jsontable_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  in_unnest_op
  interval_sql
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  pivotalias_sql
  aliases_sql
  atindex_sql
  attimezone_sql
  fromtimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  or_sql
  xor_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
  mergetreettl_sql
  transaction_sql
  commit_sql
  rollback_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  alterindex_sql
  alterdiststyle_sql
  altersortkey_sql
  alterrename_sql
  renamecolumn_sql
  alter_sql
  add_column_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  havingmax_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  div_sql
  safedivide_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  propertyeq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mod_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  jsoncast_sql
  try_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  ceil_floor
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  too_wide
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  whens_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql
  duplicatekeyproperty_sql
  uniquekeyproperty_sql
  distributedbyproperty_sql
  oncluster_sql
  clusteredbyproperty_sql
  anyvalue_sql
  querytransform_sql
  indexconstraintoption_sql
  checkcolumnconstraint_sql
  indexcolumnconstraint_sql
  nvl2_sql
  comprehension_sql
  columnprefix_sql
  opclass_sql
  predict_sql
  forin_sql
  refresh_sql
  toarray_sql
  tsordstotime_sql
  tsordstotimestamp_sql
  tsordstodatetime_sql
  tsordstodate_sql
  unixdate_sql
  lastday_sql
  dateadd_sql
  arrayany_sql
  partitionrange_sql
  truncatetable_sql
  convert_sql
  copyparameter_sql
  credentials_sql
  copy_sql
  semicolon_sql
  datadeletionproperty_sql
  maskingpolicycolumnconstraint_sql
  gapfill_sql
  scope_resolution
  scoperesolution_sql
  parsejson_sql
  rand_sql
  changes_sql
  pad_sql
  summarize_sql
  explodinggenerateseries_sql
  arrayconcat_sql
  converttimezone_sql
  json_sql
  jsonvalue_sql
  conditionalinsert_sql
  multitableinserts_sql
  oncondition_sql
  jsonextractquote_sql
  jsonexists_sql
  arrayagg_sql
  apply_sql
  grant_sql
  grantprivilege_sql
  grantprincipal_sql
  columns_sql
  overlay_sql
  todouble_sql
  string_sql
  median_sql
  overflowtruncatebehavior_sql
  unixseconds_sql
  arraysize_sql
  attach_sql
  detach_sql
  attachoption_sql
  featuresattime_sql
  watermarkcolumnconstraint_sql
  encodeproperty_sql
  includeproperty_sql
  xmlelement_sql
  partitionbyrangeproperty_sql
  partitionbyrangepropertydynamic_sql
  unpivotcolumns_sql
  analyzesample_sql
  analyzestatistics_sql
  analyzehistogram_sql
  analyzedelete_sql
  analyzelistchainedrows_sql
  analyzevalidate_sql
  analyze_sql
  xmltable_sql
  xmlnamespace_sql
  export_sql
  declare_sql
  declareitem_sql
  recursivewithsearch_sql
  parameterizedagg_sql
  anonymousaggfunc_sql
  combinedaggfunc_sql
  combinedparameterizedagg_sql
  put_sql